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Category: Research Abstracts and Texts


Document Repository: Texts, Excerpts and Research Abstracts concerning South Asia architecture, Space and the related. Documents are stored on a non-exclusive basis, and presumed to be in the simple possession of the author(s) unless otherwise specified. Submissions undergo an anonymous peer-review.
++ indexpage + (microsite) Gautam Bhatia: Looking through Walls
Architecture in India carries a difficult burden. In a country, where situations and problems achieve a despairing magnitude, is there a way of thinking of architecture, other than as mere problem solving? Should architecture even innovate ...

++ indexpage + Describing Temple Cellas
Recovering the control or implicit geometry underlying temple architecture requires bringing together fragments of evidence from field measurements, relating these to mathematical and geometric descriptions in canonical texts and proposing “best-fit” constructive models. While scholars in ...

++ indexpage + Nold Egenter (Works on Architectural Anthropology)
AHA8, Research in India Implosion, Architecture + Habitat, Anthropology Research Series - Online. also see: Architexturez Mirror of IMPLSION

++ indexpage + Symposium on New Directions in Architectural Education
Today, with almost a hundred architectural schools in this country training a new generation of professionals to direct the future of our built environment, it is surprising to note the pedagogic content and course material in ...
+ Categories: Document Archive: GREHA (primary)… Research Abstracts and Texts (secondary)… +

++ indexpage + The Architect: a Symposium on the new disciplines of a profession
The architectural profession has approached the crossroads in its development in India, and the direction it now chooses will determine both its effectiveness in serving society, and the validity of its future existence. In this respect ...

++ indexpage + The Mahavir Temple at Osian
This book is the first in the series of works planned in the field of Indian Temple Architecture by the Project for the Studies in Indian Temple Architecture at the L. D. Institute of Indology. This ...

 
+ 2007-01-24: Introduction to Whitewash! [3546 words]
India, love it or hate it. Certainly it is impossible to be unaffected by it. My own relationship with the place is tainted by the contempt I feel for the people and incidents that unmake it everyday. Whitewash is merely a reflection of the skewed impressions that present-day ...

+ 2007-01-01: Historical Bias [2348 words]
The root of formal architecture lies in written history. Since the books of history deal with the privileged and the powerful, their exploits and symbols of their authority, the source of inspiration for both public and architects has been historical monuments – temples, churches and palaces – artifacts ...

+ 2006-12-24: Aspects of Curriculum in the Architectural education of India [4431 words]
Of the yesteryears, the Asian regionalism has been strong and even aloof because of the cultural and linguistic boundaries and limited means of communication, however it looks as though the perceptions and ideas have traveled and the pursuit of visual language have had some concurrences. As a matter ...

+ 2006-11-08: Kutchee heritage in building arts [3193 words]
Kutch as a region is characterized by its extreme intensities, the geographical space, the topographical formations, the climate, the vegetation-its flora and fauna, and of course its people. Anything, any aspect you choose to look at displays its intensity of extremes, which are as though its natural trait. ...

+ 2006-10-24: "My Architecture is Unassertive" [2905 words]
There is a variety of approaches towards the solution of any architectural problem, ranging from an unabashed indulgence in heady architectonics to a more mature pursuit of gentleness in architecture. This latter approach concentrates on the creation of a complete environment where structures and the landscape, or the ...

+ 2006-10-11: A Proposal for Research on the Growth and Development of Human Settlements [682 words]
Human Settlements have grown and developed in the twentieth century as a direct consequence of the industrial enterprise of the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to the unregulated growth of urban agglomerations. In this process towns and cities have changed in nature to become showcases for technological advance, ...

+ 2006-10-10: Architect as Team Leader [1350 words]
The profession of architecture, as we know it today, has been practise for a relatively short time in India. Here we do make a distinction between the architect of today and the classical sthapati who was well-versed in vaastu vidya and astrology. The contemporary professional architect has emerged ...

+ 2006-09-28: Temples of Jagannath in Puri and Ranpur - Orissa, India [5280 words]
Within the framework of the Orissa Research Programme, established in early 1999 as a Schwerpunktprogramm of the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), architectural surveys have been carried out in Puri (December 1999) and in Ranpur (July 1999), the former centre of a feudatory state in the hinterland ...

+ 2006-09-24: M. Arch. In Architectural Education [1820 words]
Architectural Education in India is an expanding knowledge discipline and the projections for number of interested students in near future pose an emergent need for preparation to equip the institutions and universities with requisite capabilities both in terms of funds available as well as most importantly faculty strength ...

+ 2006-09-24: Lutyens Bungalow Zone [2837 words]
The shift of the capital of British India from Calcutta to Delhi in 1911 necessitated the building of the imperial city of New Delhi. The design of this city and its principal buildings was entrusted to Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Barker, both being architects well versed in the ...

+ 2006-09-24: Profession, Education and Regulatory Bodies in India [7038 words]
In our country, environment has been our way of life. The real design happens at indigenous levels, with minimum material resources but maximum usefulness and rich aesthetics. Earlier, our sthapaties built towns evolving from within the communities and ecoculture of the place. Today, the builder builds for who ...

+ 2006-09-20: The Atelier Principle in Teaching [4362 words]
I remember when I first became a student of architecture the intense excitement of an education so completely unlike anything I had previously experienced. It was the project work, of course. Our teachers seemed to ask us questions to which they didn’t even pretend to know the answers. ...

+ 2006-09-20: Effect of the Bhuj, India earthquake of 26 January 2001 on heritage buildings [6582 words]
This paper describes the findings of a tour of heritage buildings in the Indian state of Gujarat which were affected by the Bhuj earthquake of 26th January 2001. After a general introduction to the earthquake and its effects, a description is given of the damage suffered by princely ...

+ 2006-09-20: The Place of Tradition in Design Sensibility [1137 words]
Many years ago when I was invited to deliver my first talk on architecture of the Indian traditions, I went with great enthusiasm and spoke about the wonders of the texts and of the monuments. I went into raptures about the building techniques and explained the myths and ...

+ 2006-09-20: Architectural Education in a Holistic Framework [1130 words]
This paper was discussed in the first session of the symposium named “The Learning Universe”. The organisers had suggested to focus on the issues towards “... evolving architectural consciousness which allows us to learn from our experiences of the everyday world, transform this into knowledge and ability to ...

+ 2006-09-20: Middle Income Housing [4203 words]
The concept of group housing or collective housing, where homes share land and community facilities and are built together to standard designs through a single agency, has its beginning in contemporary India during the first quarter of this century. First, it was the setting up of the colonial ...

+ 2006-08-26: Note on Conservation and Continuity [668 words]
The purpose of writing these words on ‘conservation’ is to distinguish between a point of view which sees cultural goods as property and one which sees them as information about life processes.   In recent times conservation practice has been determined by the notion of ‘cultural property’, whether ...

+ 2006-08-26: Note on Village Planning and Architecture [515 words]
In the past human settlements, both in rural and urban areas, have grown in an evolutionary manner. In this century the forces of industrial development have accelerated the rate of growth of urban settlements. This has given rise to organized efforts for planned development of urban areas.

+ 2006-08-26: Note on Urban Systems and the Poor [559 words]
Slums have become endemic to urban development as the twentieth century has witnessed the twin-phenomena of industrial development and globalisation at a runaway pace. At the end of this century we find that the urban population of the planet is in a majority. Whereas in industrially developed nations ...

+ 2006-08-26: Note on International Conference of Humane Habitat, January 23-26, 1999 [387 words]
When I learnt of the conference and received your kind invitation to present some work in it, I was very happy since the theme is very appropriate.   At this time when there is so much talk of the new millennium, we need to examine thoughtfully the agenda ...

+ 2006-08-25: Note on Architectural Education [413 words]
The majority of our people still live in a rural environment, Demographic statistics indicate that over 70% of the population of India is living in rural areas. Yet the context of our educational programmes is predominantly urban in character.

+ 2006-08-21: Priorities for a saner environment [1582 words]
The increase in petrol prices and the shortage of some essential building materials have put us in a situation where it may be possible to re-examine some of our fundamental notions of what should constitute our physical environment.  ,br /> The private mother vehicle which has occupied a ...

+ 2006-08-21: Notes towards a paper on Building Materials [608 words]
"The problem in terms of increased building activity in cities-pace of urban development related to migration.... The search for alternative building materials. Important to define the performance requirements of the material. Performance related to habitability. "

+ 2006-08-14: Book Review: Better Homes For All [678 words]
Residential community architecture for the common man has most often been seen as an extension of the ‘public works’ effort. Within this genre it has been treated as a low priority item, only befitting such terminology as “low-cost housing” for ‘low-income residents’. It has over the years become ...

+ 2006-08-12: Note on Housing for the poor [836 words]
The National Building Organisation together with the U.N. Regional Housing Centre organised a National Consultation on Low Cost Housing in November. The participants included representatives of State Housing Boards, HUDCO, CBRI, SERC, ISI, TCPO, DDA and Rural Housing Wings, as well as a few private architects and planners. ...

+ 2006-08-01: A Cheap Way To Build Houses [1473 words]
Whenever the problem of providing low-cost houses for the Indian urban dwellers is discussed it generally arouses feelings of dismay and pessimism. For, when the requirement is presented in concrete figures, its cost seems impossibly high compared to the spending capacity of the people and the government. This ...

+ 2006-07-31: Draft note on the Concept of Group Housing [1445 words]
The concept of ‘group housing’ calls for some essential differences from the familiar model of plot housing which one finds generally in New Delhi. For plot housing, infrastructural facilities, such as roads, drainage, electric supply, water supply, etc. are made by the housing Society/Municipal authorities, and each house ...

+ 2006-07-24: Design Criteria for mass housing [1546 words]
Today mass housing has become synonymous with low cost housing and the entire national effort in this field has been diverted to producing a cheaper house. Yet the numbers involved are of such magnitude that any amount of cost reduction exercises can not provide the solution for housing ...

+ 2006-07-15: Evolving scenario of Architecture in Gujarat [5162 words]
A wonderful analogue of 'prism' is coined by the organizers of this Symposium in context of architecture. If this is extended a bit further the three sides of this prism are culture, patronage and building arts. All these combined result into architecture of an era and when one ...

+ 2006-07-12: People’s Participation in Housing [1975 words]
Today mass housing has become synonymous with low cost housing and the entire national effort in this field has been diverted to producing a cheaper house. Yet the numbers involved are of such magnitude that any amount of cost reduction exercise can not provide the solution for housing ...

+ 2006-07-12: Design Method and Construction Process [2852 words]
We start with a question – “Can our architectural language be such that it is easily understood by ordinary people?” The question is based on the assumption that, at present, this is not the case. This assumption is, of course, the expression of a personal belief, but I ...

+ 2006-06-07: Being at Home [1323 words]
Often we hear people complain that modern architects produce only unimaginative boxes. Though not entirely justifiable, they do have a point. But if the ‘boxes’ do not make us feel at home, the answer is not in rejecting all contemporary practices nor it is in indiscriminate and eclectic ...

+ 2006-06-07: Contingent Criticality [3775 words]
The inference is unmistakable; the historian must identify with the "spirit of the age" as Prof. Gideon refers to them a number of times in that book. Extended further this line of logic would also imply that there is involved here an inevitable selection from among the vast ...

+ 2006-06-07: Disequilibrium [3399 words]
It will be evident not in economically stratified society manifesting in low, middle or upper income housing estates (an inherently repressive and exploitative system), but in an architecture whose formal validity will have been linked with the timeless desires of Man, free of such fragmentations. ... And it ...

+ 2005-06-29: Good, Useful and Beautiful [3061 words]
Learning by Doing still remains the effective learning method for architects. Thus studio exercises will be the he any school curricula whereby a student is exposed to a variety of real or f theoretical situations in which he is expected to take certain decision, become aware of, and ...

+ 2005-06-07: Fool's Paradise [5142 words]
When these images are fragmented and the pieces are thrown around, like in the case of a recently built Playhouse in an American University which sports a facade of a barn, what they convey is not so much the image of a fragmented, high speed life but an ...

+ 2004-06-17: Inner City Renewal [10316 words]
The precipitation and perpetuation of the problems of inner city areas are due largely to the urban and economic growth in their wider city contexts. Their persistence owes largely to the failure to view them from this perspective. Their solutions, unless sought from this broader view, are likely ...

+ 2004-06-07: Book Review: Balkrishna Doshi: An architecture for India [1848 words]
In view of Doshi's immense contribution to buildings and architectural education, it is only natural that he has for himself a permanent place in the of. contemporary Indian architecture. close on the heels of a number of national and international awards comes a major book devoted to Doshi's ...

+ 2004-03-29: The Quest for Humane Architecture in a Sustainable Living Environment [3661 words]
... it would be appropriate to project some of the future missions of architecture. Architecture as noble profession has a great future in the service of humanity. It is an on going quest for creation of humane values that gives meaning to our life. Its mission is to ...

+ 2004-03-29: Humanise Architectural Education for the 21st Century [2406 words]
Rizvi Education Society with its motto 'humanise, equalize and spritualise' is engaged actively with these issues and activities under the able guidance of its President Dr. Akhtar Hasan Rizvi. The academic programmes and related activities of the Rizvi College of Architecture are an ongoing experiment towards these goals ...

+ 2004-01-24: Architectural Education in India in the Time of Globalisation [4683 words]
A few years ago, drawing upon the ideas generated at an international symposium of architectural educators in February 1994 held at the University of Portsmonth,School of Architecture, United Kingdom, Martin Pearce and Maggie Toy suggested that a useful model for contemporary architecture and architectural education was provided by ...

+ 2004-01-23: Keynote: "The Present Crisis" [4625 words]
We need to examine such academic visions all the more today because the objectives of architectural education and its administration by the regulatory authorities are in crisis. I need hardly remind this audience of the systematic and purposeful campaign waged by the Council of Architecture during the last ...

+ 2003-10-14: Book Review: Still Another View of the Taj Corridor Project [2880 words]
The Taj Corridor project has created a huge media controversy, sending shock waves through the government bureaucracy. Everyone is now aware of the implications of the 'no build zone' around protected monuments and the importance of obtaining environmental clearance under almost any circumstance. So far so good, even ...

+ 2003-09-24: right # 2: Right to Align and Realign [3345 words]
Be all this as it may (or may not), the unsavoury Sahyog episode, even though it happened in the hills and not in a city, did throw up some general, serious and fundamental questions about the competence of NGOs in their chosen areas of work and the accountability ...

+ 2003-09-14: Settlements of Banni [2648 words]
Banni is located in the centre of Kutch which formas the north-western region ofGujrat in western India. This crescent shaped region of Kutch takes its name from the word ‘Kutchua’ – meaning tortoise – for its resemblance to it due to the geographical characteristics and topographical features. Banni ...

+ 2003-06-12: Book Review: Thematic Spaces in Indian Architecture [839 words]
Perhaps this is why I find this book significant today. Two important issues concerning discourse on Indian architectural history and theory are brought to attention by this book. Firstly this is a book on Indian architecture by Indian architects and secondly it attempts to deal with issues purely ...

+ 2003-06-12: Book Review: Documenting Chandigarh [1396 words]
With the commemoration of 50 years of Indian Independence, Chandigarh emerges as an architectonic icon, a symbol of the modern Indian State. Half a century later, the endeavor of Chandigarh, "born without an umbilical cord" continues to provoke our architectural aspirations. From a utopian dream of "a brave ...

+ 2003-05-24: Indore's Habitat Improvement Project: [16530 words]
The largest slum upgrading effort so far in Indore – a million plus city in central India – and one of the largest in India was implemented during 1990-97. This was the Indore Habitat Improvement Project, which was funded by the British Government’s Department for International Development (DfID) ...

+ 2003-05-24: Book Review: Agendas for Architecture [2884 words]
"In their own way, both these authors have also communicated what can arguably be described as the masochistic pleasures of the profession. This too the public should know in order to understand the mind of the architect. It is often felt by architects that architecture is something like ...

+ 2003-05-24: Michael Meister (Works on Hindu Temple Architecture) [464 words]
The W. Norman Brown Professor of South Asia Studies in the History of Art Department Michael W. Meister, is a specialist in the art of India and Pakistan. His research focuses on temple architecture, the morphology of meaning, and other aspects of the art of the Indian sub-continent. ...

+ 2003-05-24: Education: Computing, Design, Knowledge [1854 words]
...Incorporating even low-level computer programming within architectural education curricula is a matter of debate but we have found it useful to do so for two reasons: as an introduction or at least a consolidation of the realm of descriptive geometry and in providing an environment for experimenting in ...

+ 2003-05-24: Routine Production or Symbolic Analysis? [308 words]
Developments in information technology have reduced the need for spatial proximity in the geography of architectural employment: computer-based drafting allows for better standardisation and more efficient production of project information, whilst electronic communication links make the immediate transfer of this information possible across long distances. The ability to ...

+ 2003-03-25: Microsites (files) - Research Portfolios [206 words]
Self-Published research portfolios online at Architexturez Collaborative Portal, and Desire Machine Collaborative

+ 2003-03-18: Representing Banaras, Living, Dying and Transformation: The Crossing Project [507 words]
"The new paradigms of 'beyond the desktop' can result from the re-examination of the relationship of the human body to physical space and to physical interfaces with digital representations. New bridges need to be explored between the physical and virtual spaces. New graspable, touchable and adornable interfaces need ...

+ 2003-02-16: Life, Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness [1309 words]
I have been thinking about this and have come to a startling conclusion that this may have something to do with the very notion of freedom with which we associate this housing. This may come as a surprise to many but the very roots of our suburban housing ...

+ 2003-01-30: The Contemporary Architecture of Delhi [16677 words]
With the attainment of Independence, the idea of a unified and homogenous 'Nation' became an ineluctable reality, and manifested itself in many forms of artistic expression, not the least in the field of architecture. The imperative to modernise, the urgency to 'catch-up', of course, reinforced this idea. The ...

+ 2003-01-20: Slumming Delhi: evictions, endowments and entitlements [4235 words]
I have picked, as peg to hang this plannerly talk, the Delhi High Court judgement of end-November 2002 striking down Delhi's slum policy and permitting eviction without resettlement. I have done so for three reasons other than topicality. One, I think evictions interest all those who are interested, ...

+ 2003-01-20: Epilogue: Writing on the Wall [4228 words]
The events of just one year described in this book show how these utterly unequal, undemocratic and unconstitutional 'rights' actually characterize contemporary urban development. The real problem about the slumming of our cities is not the manifest pervasive urban squalor that offends us or moves us, oppresses us ...

+ 2002-12-29: Reflective Action: Experience Sublimated [4397 words]
The objective of this seminar is to reflect, through the theme of identity and territory, on the practice of social science in India. Regular exchanges and confrontations concerning our different fieldwork in South India have brought to light a concern common to all social science disciplines. Even though ...

+ 2002-12-29: Towards a New Pedagogy [5662 words]
In short, the school must become a place where, for a student, all the morphological and structural conceptions and all the operational tools, which have thus far governed architecture, become open to question. A vast set of alternatives and variables, which the institutional culture and profession has suppressed, ...

+ 2002-12-28: The Hut and the Machine [7002 words]
I contend that architecture failed to grasp its own soul, and lost its public persona, when confronted with a crisis of identity. The separation from engineering and subsequent search for identity missed the point that architecture is a knowledge system. A closer study of pre-eighteenth century Western as ...

+ 2002-12-12: Urban Space and the Urban Activist [4888 words]
I do not seek to plead a case that all architects should become activists. The attempts to define itself in the terms of other disciplines have weakened architecture enough. But in following on the path that the activist has begun to explore, we may discover something new about ...

+ 2002-12-12: Architecture and the Expression of Meaning [3419 words]
If the expression of meaning appears to be so destructive, one may ask how architecture can concern itself with meaning. Perhaps some clues to the answer to this question lie in the fact that architecture is not merely 'read', but is also used. The continued rituals of using ...

+ 2002-12-12: Notes on the Aesthetics of Absorption [7219 words]
As moral agents in a civil society we have to be alert to the ethical implications of what we do. We have to realise that in marking place, we draw boundaries; and every boundary includes things within it and excludes things outside it; and that, while as artists ...

+ 2002-09-25: Landmark library [1694 words]
"In a post-colonial, modernising society, under constant pressure from the forces of globalisation, the need to define a regional identity gets accentuated, and is naturally foregrounded in the production of local architecture. In addition to the many problems that architects face in India, the search for "Indianness" ...

+ 2002-09-18: Gender and the Built Environment [4934 words]
The broad aim of this symposium is to explore the gender perspective in architecture, urban design and planning and to examine the role of women as both consumers and creators of the built environment, particularly in the South Asian context. The findings of the symposium will be of ...

+ 2002-08-31: The "Architectural Knowledge Systems" Approach [5239 words]
The focus of this paper is on built heritage within a larger framework of Indian civilisational studies. It confines itself to historical architecture and cities as cultural resources. This approach, which I shall refer to as the Architectural Knowledge Systems approach, is based on the premise that problems ...

+ 2002-08-31: Morphology of a Desert Settlement [2821 words]
City is a record of events in space and time, a continuity of events and new events which are being recorded. Jaisalmer developed as one of the most interesting towns dominated by the trading community, because of the wealth of the town, its architecture was rich and elaborate ...

+ 2002-08-13: Four lecture abstracts by Madhavi Desai [2671 words]
Indian Architecture 1880 to 1980: A Search for Identity Rethinking Colonial Architecture of India: 1800 to 1950 The Traditional Dwellings of the Bohras: Architectural Response to Cultural Ethos Gender and Architecture of the Colonial Bungalow Form in Gujarat, India:1900 to 1970

+ 2002-07-25: Educating the Architect [4907 words]
There is an urgent need to reform architectural education, yet no one is fully aware of the problem - not policy makers, teachers, architects, and understandably, students. There is some talk about improving the quality of teachers, of course content or infrastructure, but no one is willing to ...

+ 2002-07-25: Imagining the Indian City [6583 words]
The paper examines the way town planners conceive cities in India. Their concepts are largely derived from British town planning experience in the belief that they are universal and modern. Even town planning laws are basically British constructions and have not evolved significantly since Independence. There is no ...

+ 2002-07-25: Transcultural Dialogue in Architectural Education [2876 words]
Any discussion on globalization and Indian architecture needs to take into account the immense heterogeneity of the country. Not only are its physical and economic conditions diverse, but also people in the various layers of society live radically different lives and, consequently, have sharply divergent world-views. Indeed, most ...

+ 2002-07-25: Conservation in India [6756 words]
The word 'conservation' is used in several contexts: In its broadest terms, it can be associated either with the ecology movement, the energy crisis or with the fabric of historic cities. It is also open to a wide range of interpretations, from outright preservation, when we refer to ...